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THE SARAWAK MUSEUM JOURNAL
The paper attempts to documet the transformation of Sarawak as it moved over four decades from being an overwhelmingly rural, agricultural, low-income, poorly connected set of distinct ethnic communities to becoming a modern, largely urban, service and manufacturing-oriented middle-income economy. The dramatic shift of Sarawak's workers out of the villages and longhouse and associated agricultural occupations into the towns and coastal areas. In the process, agriculture in the state changed dramatically. Virtually all smallholder agricultural sub-sectors stagnated or decline over the period, with the rural sector now dominated by oil palm plantations and forest resource extraction. Sarawak's structural transformation has led to a large influx of Indonesian agricultural workers, and the predominance of oil palm and trimber extraction has created significant environmental challenges.
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